建筑师

　　职责

　　•建筑师设计建筑和其它结构。

　　•他们必须考虑到外观、功能、安全、成本和要求他们进行设计的建筑使用者的需求。

　　•建筑师可能会介入开发的所有阶段，从初期与客户的讨论到修建的过程。

　　•有时候，建筑师需要提供各种初步设计，如进行可行性和环境影响的研究，选择场所或确定设计需求等。

　　技能

　　•建筑师必须能够与客户进行视觉上直观的交流。艺术和绘画能力将有助于这一点。同时需要空间关系的构思和理解能力。

　　•良好的沟通技巧对本行业的成功至关重要。在与客户洽谈生意时，建筑师必须是一位积极的倾听者。同时建筑师必须能够独立工作或作为团队的一分子一起工作。

　　•由于大部分公司使用计算机创建规格说明书、二维和三维草图以及财务管理等，所以需要具备相应的计算机能力。计算机辅助设计和绘图(CADD)的相关知识将有助于这一点，并且随着建筑行业持续采用计算机技术而变得越来越重要。

　　教育背景

　　•大部分建筑学学位是五年制建筑学课程学士学位。

　　•美国各州和哥伦比亚区均需要在获得许可证之后方可称其为建筑师或受雇提供建筑行业的服务。

　　•获得许可证需要包括一个建筑学专业的学位、一定时期的实践培训或实习、以及通过所有的建筑师注册登记考试。

　　前景

　　•未来的建筑师在刚入行时要面对很多的竞争，特别是如果建筑学学位的授予情况仍如当前水平或持续增长的话。

　　•想到最有声誉的公司工作的新人也将面临激烈的竞争。若有暑期实习经验和CADD知识将极具优势。

Architect

THE JOB

•Architects design buildings and other structures.

•They must consider appearance, functionality, safety, cost and the needs of those who use the structures they're designing.

•Architects can be involved in all phases of development, from the initial discussions with clients through the construction process.

•In some cases, architects provide various predesign services, such as conducting feasibility and environmental impact studies, selecting a site or specifying the design's requirements.

SKILLS

•Architects must be able to visually communicate their ideas to clients. Artistic and drawing ability is very helpful in doing this. The ability to conceptualize and understand spatial relationships is needed.

•Good communication skills are critical to success in this field. An architect must be an active listener when dealing with clients. An architect must also be able to work independently or as part of a team.

•Computer literacy is also required as most firms use computers for creating specifications, two- and three-dimensional drafting, and financial management. A knowledge of computer-aided design and drafting (CADD) is helpful and will become essential as architectural firms continue to adopt this technology.

EDUCATION

•Most architectural degrees are from five-year bachelor of architecture programs.

•All states and the District of Columbia require individuals to be licensed before they can call themselves architects or contract to provide architectural services.

•Licensing requirements include a professional degree in architecture, a period of practical training or internship and passage of all sections of the Architect Registration Examination.

OUTLOOK

•Prospective architects may face competition for entry-level jobs, especially if the number of architectural degrees awarded remains at current levels or increases.

•There is also great competition for beginners hoping to get jobs in the most prestigious firms; summer internship experience and knowledge of CADD are advantages.